In Papua Armed Violence Continues to Occur
TabloidNasional. The killings in Nduga that occurred in the first week of December 2018 added to the row of cases of armed violence that occurred in Papua. More than 20 cases have occurred since 2014 to November 2018.
Throughout 2017, armed violence killed three Indonesian officers and two people from armed groups. In that year, there were nine cases recorded by media coverage.
The following year, the number of victims swelled. Four civilian victims and three Indonesian officers were recorded. The casualties emerged from seven cases that occurred until November 2018. The data did not include an incident in Nduga that happened to Trans Papua development workers.
During 2014 to November 2018, at least 15 civilians and 14 Indonesian officials were killed in various incidents of armed violence.
Occurs in Certain Regions
Nduga Regency is the third region of eight Papua regions to be the location of incidents of armed violence during 2014-2018. Puncak Jaya Regency is the main area. For four years, there were seven cases that occurred in Puncak Jaya Regency and four cases in Nduga District.
Nduga Regency
Towards the end of 2017, in the District of Nduga there were frequent incidents of armed violence.
On December 12, 2017, a road construction excavator operator was killed in an incident in the Trans Papua road area KM 114 in Mugi District, Nduga Regency. In mid-2018, gun contact around Kenyam Airport, Nduga Regency, Papua killed three people and injured two others.
Nduga Regency is a division of Jayawijaya Regency which was carried out on January 4, 2008 based on Law Number 6 of 2008. The area is often seen as a region of "vulnerability" security, although some local figures and officials reject the stigma.
In January 1996, there was an incident of kidnapping a wildlife research team by armed groups in the Mapenduma area which is now included in Nduga District. After failed negotiations, the TNI carried out an attack on May 9, 1996. Kopassus troops led by Prabowo Subianto rescued several hostages, with two dead.
Some observations call radicalization in several high mountain areas stronger after the incident. Kelly Kwalik, head of the Free Papua Organization (OPM) group in the Nduga region responsible for kidnapping in Mapenduma, was declared dead in security forces operations in December 2012.
Politics in Nduga are also dynamic. In the last 2014 election, the IPAC Report (December 10, 2014) (PDF) said "Nduga was the only district in the region that did not report the results of the 2014 election."
After the death of Kelly Kwalik, Indonesian security forces often referred to a figure named Egianus Kagoya. He is considered the person responsible for various armed violence and other disturbances in Nduga. His name appears after incidents of gun contact around Kenyam Airport in mid-2018.
The term "armed criminal group" itself leads to activities which the Indonesian government believes are carried out by the Free Papua Organization (OPM). Its origin refers to the pro-independence movement in the Papua region (formerly: Irian Jaya) since 1965. However, the OPM also cannot be seen simply. It is a very decentralized movement, in which there is competition between factions.
Problems in Papua are not simple, economic development has been intense, including the construction of the Trans Papua road. However, Papua remains a province with a low Human Development Index score.
What about the political approach? Papua's democracy index did not move throughout 2009-2017. Scores for aspects of political rights and aspects of democratic institutions are still imbalanced with aspects of civil liberties.
The process of division in Papua does not necessarily encourage local democracy to develop better. Some observations and reports show that the situation will be a new problem.
One of the red scores in the Papuan democracy index is about political participation in decision making and supervision. Regarding this aspect, the noken system is suspected of triggering conflict in Papua during the electoral period.
In terms of security and the military there are still many problems. There are still many human rights violations. In fact, even in cases of armed violence the government does not carry out identification and operation of deep issues. What usually comes out is the simplistic conclusion that armed violence is carried out by "armed criminal groups".
Throughout 2017, armed violence killed three Indonesian officers and two people from armed groups. In that year, there were nine cases recorded by media coverage.
The following year, the number of victims swelled. Four civilian victims and three Indonesian officers were recorded. The casualties emerged from seven cases that occurred until November 2018. The data did not include an incident in Nduga that happened to Trans Papua development workers.
During 2014 to November 2018, at least 15 civilians and 14 Indonesian officials were killed in various incidents of armed violence.
Occurs in Certain Regions
Nduga Regency is the third region of eight Papua regions to be the location of incidents of armed violence during 2014-2018. Puncak Jaya Regency is the main area. For four years, there were seven cases that occurred in Puncak Jaya Regency and four cases in Nduga District.
Nduga Regency
Towards the end of 2017, in the District of Nduga there were frequent incidents of armed violence.
On December 12, 2017, a road construction excavator operator was killed in an incident in the Trans Papua road area KM 114 in Mugi District, Nduga Regency. In mid-2018, gun contact around Kenyam Airport, Nduga Regency, Papua killed three people and injured two others.
Nduga Regency is a division of Jayawijaya Regency which was carried out on January 4, 2008 based on Law Number 6 of 2008. The area is often seen as a region of "vulnerability" security, although some local figures and officials reject the stigma.
In January 1996, there was an incident of kidnapping a wildlife research team by armed groups in the Mapenduma area which is now included in Nduga District. After failed negotiations, the TNI carried out an attack on May 9, 1996. Kopassus troops led by Prabowo Subianto rescued several hostages, with two dead.
Some observations call radicalization in several high mountain areas stronger after the incident. Kelly Kwalik, head of the Free Papua Organization (OPM) group in the Nduga region responsible for kidnapping in Mapenduma, was declared dead in security forces operations in December 2012.
Politics in Nduga are also dynamic. In the last 2014 election, the IPAC Report (December 10, 2014) (PDF) said "Nduga was the only district in the region that did not report the results of the 2014 election."
After the death of Kelly Kwalik, Indonesian security forces often referred to a figure named Egianus Kagoya. He is considered the person responsible for various armed violence and other disturbances in Nduga. His name appears after incidents of gun contact around Kenyam Airport in mid-2018.
The term "armed criminal group" itself leads to activities which the Indonesian government believes are carried out by the Free Papua Organization (OPM). Its origin refers to the pro-independence movement in the Papua region (formerly: Irian Jaya) since 1965. However, the OPM also cannot be seen simply. It is a very decentralized movement, in which there is competition between factions.
Problems in Papua are not simple, economic development has been intense, including the construction of the Trans Papua road. However, Papua remains a province with a low Human Development Index score.
What about the political approach? Papua's democracy index did not move throughout 2009-2017. Scores for aspects of political rights and aspects of democratic institutions are still imbalanced with aspects of civil liberties.
The process of division in Papua does not necessarily encourage local democracy to develop better. Some observations and reports show that the situation will be a new problem.
One of the red scores in the Papuan democracy index is about political participation in decision making and supervision. Regarding this aspect, the noken system is suspected of triggering conflict in Papua during the electoral period.
In terms of security and the military there are still many problems. There are still many human rights violations. In fact, even in cases of armed violence the government does not carry out identification and operation of deep issues. What usually comes out is the simplistic conclusion that armed violence is carried out by "armed criminal groups".
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